Central banks of the world

mr.traderApril 30, 2022

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Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ, Reserve Bank of New Zealand)

The Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) is the central bank of New Zealand, which regulates the financial and monetary policy of the country and is responsible for the stability of the New Zealand dollar in accordance with the national interest. The RBNZ's functions and tasks New Zealand's financial regulator was established under the Reserve Bank of New Zealand Act on August 1, 1934. Since 1936 the RBNZ has been the property of the government. In 1985, the New Zealand dollar, after obtaining the status of a free currency, entered into free circulation in the international foreign exchange market. Despite this, its exchange rate is still controlled by the government in order to avoid sharp exchange rate fluctuations. As well as most ...

mr.traderMarch 6, 2022

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U.S. Federal Reserve System (Fed, Federal Reserve)

The U.S. Federal Reserve (Federal Reserve System, Federal Reserve) is the U.S. central bank, whose decisions may affect not only the U.S. economy, but the world as a whole. The explanation is simple: it is the Fed that issues the dollar USD, which remains the reserve currency and retains its paramount importance in the planetary scale. This is why the Federal Reserve gets a lot of criticism and advice on monetary policy and economic management from all over the world. History, Functions and Heads of the U.S. Federal Reserve One of the main differences between the U.S. Federal Reserve System and central banks from other countries is its independence from the government. In some ways, the Fed is controlled by Congress, which...

mr.traderNovember 20, 2021

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National Bank of the Republic of Belarus (NBRB)

The National Bank of the Republic of Belarus (NBRB) is the central bank as well as a state body of the Republic of Belarus. It acts to ensure and develop reliable and efficient functioning of the payment and banking system of Belarus, to ensure and protect the stability of the Belarusian ruble, and acts exclusively in the interests of the country. It is located in Minsk, the capital of the country. History of the NBRB The bank was founded by the Council of People's Commissars in 1922 as the Belarusian Republican Bank. Soon it became subordinated to the State Bank of the USSR. The bank was reorganized in 1959 and 1987, and in its present form it appeared in 1990. Functions of the National Bank of the Republic of Belarus In the process of accomplishing its tasks, the NBRB performs three main...

mr.traderSeptember 13, 2021

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A test of knowledge of the world's central banks

Here are 5 questions, the answers to which will show your knowledge of how Central Banks work in the world. Central bank decisions always have a strong effect on national currency rates, so this knowledge will be very useful if you plan to trade profitably. At the end of the test, there are the answers. If you have noticed your mistake, do not hesitate to follow this link and close your knowledge gap. 1. The largest foreign exchange reserves in the world are... a) U.S. Federal Reserve System; b) European Central Bank; c) People's Bank of China; d) International Monetary Fund. 2. The slang name "The Old Lady" is... a) The Reserve Bank of Australia; b) The Swiss National Bank; c) The Bank of...

mr.traderAugust 19, 2021

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National Bank of Ukraine (NBU)

National Bank of Ukraine (NBU, Ukr. National Bank of Ukraine) is the central bank of the country. NBU is a legal entity, state-owned and has a registered capital of 10 million hryvnia. The main function of the NBU is to maintain the stability of the national currency - the Ukrainian hryvnia, as well as price stability and banking system, within the allotted powers. History of the National Bank of Ukraine The starting point for the establishment of the NBU was the law "On Banks and Banking Activity" adopted by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on March 20, 1991. The basis of the NBU was its predecessor - the Ukrainian Republican Bank of the State Bank of the USSR. In the nineties of the last century Ukraine faced a complete inadequacy of the financial system to the market conditions, as well as monstrous inflation, which...

mr.traderAugust 8, 2021

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People's Bank of China (PBOC)

The People's Bank of China (NBK, Bank of China) (Chinese tr. 中國人民銀行, 中中国人民银行, Pinyin: Zhōngguó Rénmín Yínháng, Pall: Zhongguo Rénmín Yínháng) is the central bank of the PRC. The Bank of China reportedly has the largest foreign exchange reserves in the world, exceeding 3.2 trillion U.S. dollars. History of the People's Bank of China The People's Bank of China was the result of the merger and nationalization of three major commercial banks in 1947: Huabei Bank, Beihai Bank and Xibei Agricultural Bank. Because of the civil war, the headquarters of the NBK was located in Shijiazhuang and was not moved to Beijing until 1949. From 1949 to 1978, the Bank of China was the only bank in the country. To the sphere...

mr.traderMay 10, 2021

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Swiss National Bank (SNB)

The Swiss National Bank (SNB) began its work by opening representative offices in the five cities of Basel, Bern, Geneva, St. Gallen and Zurich. In 1903 the government's national advisor, Scherrer-Fuller, proposed a bill to establish a central bank of its own in Switzerland. A federal law on the National Bank was passed on October 6, 1905, and took effect on January 16, 1906. June 20, 1907. It is now also active in Lausanne, Lugano and Lucerne. According to the Swiss Federal Banking Act, the Swiss central bank is a joint-stock company with a special constitution and its functions are regulated by special...

mr.traderApril 18, 2021

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Bank of Canada (BoC)

The Bank of Canada is probably the only central bank in the world whose monetary policy is as open and understandable to all market participants as possible, and has a number of other features that make it fundamentally different from its global "counterparts". History of the Bank of Canada The Bank of Canada was founded in 1934 as a private corporation, but within four years it became a Crown corporation and was transferred to the government. Unlike other government agencies, the governor of the bank and a senior manager are directly appointed by the bank. Although the Bank of Canada is run through the government, it is ultimately owned by the people. Because of the advanced economic relationship between Canada...

mr.traderFebruary 24, 2021

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Bank of Japan (BoJ)

The Bank of Japan (BoJ) is the central bank of Japan established to regulate the yen exchange rate and to conduct and oversee the country's monetary and financial policies. The Japanese banking system was established in 1873 under the National Bank Act, similar to a similar law that had been passed in the United States in 1863. By 1870 the Japanese banking system included more than 150 banks. The rapid growth of the banks and the lack of emission controls caused a high rate of inflation. In order to avoid a crisis in the economy, the Bank of Japan was established in 1882. The structure and tasks of the Bank of Japan The functions of the supreme body...

mr.traderFebruary 24, 2021

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Central Bank of Russia (Central Bank, CBRF)

The Central Bank of Russia (Central Bank of Russia, Bank of Russia, CBR) is the most powerful center of Russia's credit system. It plays a key role in the national economy. At the moment, the actions of the Bank of Russia are becoming increasingly important. Stability and further growth of economy, as well as strengthening of national positions on the international level depend on the effectiveness of its functions and correctness of chosen methods. History of the emergence of the Central Bank of Russia The banking and credit system in Russia dates back to 1733, when the Monetary Office, opened by decree of Peter the Great, was reorganized into the Monetary Chancery, whose functions included granting loans at 81,200 euros per annum and secured by gold...

mr.traderJanuary 22, 2021

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Европейский Центральный Банк (ЕЦБ, European Central Bank, ECB)

Европейский Центральный Банк (ЕЦБ, англ. European Central Bank, ECB) – Центральный банк зоны евро, а также валютный регулятор, который следит за кредитно денежной политикой региона, а также контролирует стабильность курса евро. Именно его решений каждый первый четверг отчетного месяца особенно ждут трейдеры, т.к. оно оказывает особенное влияние на курсы EUR и других основных валют на валютном рынке. История и задачи ЕЦБ ЕЦБ был создан 1 июня 1998 года, став логичным завершением долгих переговоров европейских чиновников, которые всю вторую половину XX века стремились к континентальному объединению на финансовом уровне. Фактически, Центральный банк Европы уже существовал к тому моменту четыре года, нося название…

mr.traderSeptember 8, 2020

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Influence of Central Banks on Financial Markets

В настоящее время Центральные банки мира являются мощным инструментом кредитно-денежного регулирования. Такая их функция по умолчанию влияет на колебания цен на активы на финансовых рынках. Изменения в политике какого-либо Центрального банка, экономика государства которого имеет заметный вес в масштабах мировой экономики, приводят к соответствующим, достаточно аномальным реакциям финансовых рынков. ФРС США: повелители долларов Наиболее влиятельным в данном вопросе, конечно же, является Федеральная Резервная Система США – FED (Federal Reserve System). ФРС абсолютно независима в принятии решений в вопросах экономической политики. Во время выступлений председателя FED рынки весьма бурно реагируют на его заявления, особенно если вопрос касается изменений процентных ставок. ЕЦБ: ориентир…

mr.traderSeptember 5, 2020

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Цели, задачи и функции Центральных банков мира

Ссылаясь на историю развития Центральных банков мира (ЦБ) и их современного статуса в рыночной системе, основная их деятельность сводится к следующим целям: обеспечение стабильности национальной валюты и покупательной способности; обеспечение ликвидности банковской системы; обеспечение эффективного алгоритма бесперебойного ведения всех видов расчетов. Центробанк – «банк банков» Для достижения перечисленных целей возникает необходимость решения ряда задач, выполнение которых делает Центральный банк «банком банков» и главным финансовым центром страны: будучи эмиссионным центром страны, Центробанк решает задачу организации выпуска и обращения наличных банкнот; почти все свои операции Центральные банки мира совершают с локальными банками конкретной страны, но никак не с торгово-промышленными клиентами; хранение классовых резервов…

mr.traderAugust 30, 2020

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История возникновения Центральных банков

На самых первых этапах развития экономической индустрии не было предельных границ между эмиссионными и коммерческими банками, но в силу совершенствования её структуры система обрела такую необходимость – необходимость централизации банковской эмиссии, необходимость организации монопольного права выпуска банкнот и проведения первостепенной кредитно-денежной политики в рамках государства. Это было нужно реальному миру, поэтому была организована система Центральных банков мира, которые являются главным звеном мировой кредитно-денежной системы. Появление Центральных Банков – история и необходимость Уровень и характер схемы развития рыночных отношений определяют ту самую основную роль центрального банка в современной экономической системе. В те времена, когда доминатом денежного обращения являлся золотой стандарт, банки являлись…